Definitions of Surgical nursing

1. Surgical
Joint units are located where the operating rooms, locker rooms, corridors, areas for washing and sterilizing … can be divided into three parts:

• Clean area: where to go perfectly dressed with hat, pajamas … no need to mask.
• Dirty Zone: where they will stop the waste, it is necessary to use special clothing.
• Zone sterile washing before surgery (need to wear the mask.

2. Operating Room
It is one of the many services within the hospital, their performance is only part of the surgical patient care.

3. Surgery
Branch of medicine including prenatal, intra and postoperative patient.

Architecture of the OR

1. Design
There is no design that is suitable for all hospitals. This depends on the number of beds that has, covering diseases …

The number of surgeries depends on:

• Number of interventions to be undertaken
• The length
• Proportion of hospitalized, ambulatory and emergency department.

2. Location

• To be accessible to areas of hospitalization, and not waste time or money.
• Near ICU and resuscitation, as the new operator is a critical patient.
• Well connected: Sterilization (which will take material to the operating room, Radiology, Pathology (intraoperative biopsies to determine the course of the operation, Laboratory

3. Barriers
The operating room must establish barriers to isolate it with:

• The rest of the hospital and outside.
• Its interior, septic and aseptic area.
• Signposted by posters that prevent access to foreign personnel
• Isolated from the noise, do not favor the concentration
• Weatherization isolated from the outside (as it enters the windows around) and air conditioning (fitted with special filters) to provide a moisture content of 50-60%.
• Independent water supply with special filters (control by preventive medicine).
• Clothing for operating room personnel
• Hoists and elevators for exclusive use.
• Temperature over 18 ° C and adequate moisture

4. Design types

• Central Corridor
• Dual-core central corridor aseptic
• Circular (runner peripheral)

5. Access
Clothing; staff, patients and visitors must comply with established rules of the road. This prevents the spread of pathogens to patients and protects personnel from infectious patients.

6. Size
The ideal size is 35-60 m2 from here are too great, it would be useful to have the material to be used at 5-6 feet away and we would have to move increasing the risk of contamination. Less than 35 m2 would be too small, the operating room staff could not move easily.

7. Materials
Floors walls (tiled) and ceilings must be:

• Hard
• No porous
• Resistant to heat, stains and bruises
• Waterproof
• No cracks
• Easy to clean

The floors in particular must be:

• Drivers, in order to dissipate static electricity
• The floor-wall junctions must be rounded thus preventing dirt and dust deposits

8. Facilities

• Tomas vacuum, oxygen, nitrous, etc.. columns are recommended by rigid or folding, which prevent accidental disconnection by staff smoothly.
• The sockets should be multiple, with separate circuits to limit power outages at critical moments
• Generator safety
• All electrical installations have a security system with audible alarms, bright or blockage.

Surgical nursing care is the responsibility of professional nurses, or university education, with growing demand for specialized studies, which have under his charge or supervision to a variety of professional, technical and administrative functions has important management directly or indirectly to the patient.

The nurse plays a leadership, coordinating and example, and she is really determined by the level of care of a surgical service.

Also, because the nurse is the one who really cared for in a permanent and continuous patient, and because it is she who keeps the most intimate contact, becomes the person that best conveys the image and spirit of a hospital. It is recognized that a high level of hospital nursing actions are those that have deeper impact, ultimately, the quality of care, and those that are best perceived by the community, represented by the pa-tion and their associates, or their behavior is interpreted, more than any other of the participants as an indicator of excellent quality.

That is why nursing should be recognized in the modern hospital as a fundamental human element to the success of your operation. And that’s why the nurses, perhaps more than any other female profession, it will be increasingly sought and will quickly climb the career ladder of importance in society, emerging as one of the greatest development in the near future.