The symptoms associated with menopause include:
1 .- Hot flushes, sweats or hot flashes: Consists of a sudden feeling of heat in the face and neck progressing toward your chest and arms, followed by sweating and cold. Duran medium to its final two minutes and is as sharp as its beginning. sometimes accompanied by a reddening of the skin and accelerated pulse. The frequency and intensity vary from woman to another. They are produced by the elevation of the hormone FSH, it produces a vasomotor instability (inadequate regulation of the vascular response to temperature changes, exercise, humor, etc. …).
2 .- Dry and atrophy of the urinary and genital mucosa: the reduction in the production of estrogen causes the walls of the vagina are weak, fragile, delicate and reduces their natural moisture. This can produce a feeling of itching or dryness, tension or affect sex. They are also frequent urinary incontinence, vaginal infections and urine, dysuria and frequency.
3 .- psychological disorders: These may occur in mood disorders, irritability, insomnia, anxiety, headaches. These symptoms are not due only to the decreased level of estrogen, but also on other factors specific to each individual woman and sociocultural. Women in this stage of life experiencing various losses that are related to the ideals of femininity, such as loss of the ability to be a mother, loss of the maternal role, separation from children in the house. These symptoms can also be experienced in a positive way: the fear of pregnancy disappears, the majority of children do domestic work that is smaller and has more time for other activities.
4 .- Osteoporosis: It consists in the decrease in bone mass. this decline in women is a more abrupt than in men. The most serious consequence of osteoporosis is the weakness of the bones, increasing the risk of fractures. Risk factors for severe osteoporosis are short, thin, consumption of toxic substances (caffeine, snuff, alcohol, etc..), Early menopause, nulliparity, sedentary lifestyle, family history and high frequency of hot flashes.
5 .- Cardiovascular Disorders: Loss of estrogen on the risk of ischemic heart disease, there is an average increase of blood pressure. In general, increasing the LDL (cholesterol aggressor or low density) and lowers HDL (protective cholesterol or high density). During the women’s fertile life is better protected than men, estrogen increases the fraction of the protective cholesterol (HDL). Menopause and the decline of estrogen causes the risk of coronary disease is greater.
Care to reduce the symptoms of menopause:
1 .- To reduce hot flushes and hot flashes : Not too warm, Lower heat, Use cotton clothes, Use the fan, Replace coffee, tea, cola beverages by natural juices, No smoking, Learn to relax, Exercise on a regular basis helps to reduce anxiety, Take plenty of fluids.
2 .- To reduce vaginal dryness : In sexual relations while devoting more time loving (necking) as this will increase vaginal lubrication naturally. Using specific lubricants that are sold in pharmacies, Vaseline or oil.
3 .- To control urinary incontinence : Exercises to strengthen pelvic muscles: When the bladder is empty, try to cut the flow of urine for a few seconds (the muscles are contracted) and then relax. Perform this exercise several times a day.
4 .- To prevent osteoporosis : Physical exercise moderately and regularly, where all the joints work and thus hinders the process of decalcification of bone. A diet rich in calcium, by increasing the intake of dairy products (especially for skimmed not gain weight), some Ca-rich fish such as sardines, anchovies, anchovy, tuna. Healthy diet low in fat and rich in fruits and vegetables. Sun to create enough vitamin D, which is required for proper calcium absorption. Avoid snuff, alcohol and stimulant beverages (coffee, tea and cola drinks) and that interfere with calcium metabolism.
5 .- Preventing psychological disorders : Keep a positive attitude in life. Teach a relaxation technique to reduce stress and anxiety. Using their own chores to relax. Have more time for the couple.
Teach him how to overcome the losses (fertility, loss of roles, leaving the house by the children, lost parents, relatives and friends, etc … The promotion of social relationships (friends, women’s groups, associations), to avoid isolation and loneliness. Mental health referral if you look at some pathology such as anxiety, stress, etc …
6 .- To prevent the Gynecologic Cancer : Autoexploraciones perform breast. Annual clinical examination, mammography every two years. Exfoliative cervicovaginal cytology.
7 .- cardiovascular disorders : Fat diet rich in olive oil helps regulate cholesterol. Healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables. Control of blood pressure to rule out hypertension. Exercise. Hormone replacement therapy.
