When you find an unconscious person should immediately follow the following steps:
# Try to wake the person with gentle movements or calling.
# If you do not wake up, lay the victim on the back and ask for help.
# If you do not know the procedure for resuscitation remain with the victim until a helper if you know of the procedure, making sure that the victim is airway clear.
Procedure to open the airway or hyperextension.
To avoid irreparable damage to the brain is necessary for the helper to know the basics of life which are mainstay of the ABC of resuscitation.
A. Open airway.
B. Restore breathing.
C. Restore circulation.
# If the victim is not breathing the helper must follow these steps Check that the victim is lying on his back and open the airway extending the head back. (Open airway)
# Clean the mouth.
# Remove secretions, vomitus, foreign bodies, this is a method frequently enough for the victim to recover his breath.
# Listen and watch for 5 seconds if the victim is breathing.
If you do not tilt your head back and give him two full blown row.
# After this procedure call attention to the chest and note if the cam slightly or near his cheek to the patient’s mouth and feel the hot air which corresponds to the expiration thereof.
# If no response from the head tilted back and two more blows.
# If you still can not get the breath can be inferred that the victim is a foreign body in the throat, then solve this problem.
# Re-check for breathing.
# Keep the head tilted back and the airway clear of a full breath. after a minute to take the pulse again. Continue giving a full breath every five seconds, If it’s an adult and three seconds in the case of a child or baby.
# With an average of 12 breaths for adults, 20 breaths for the child and 30 to 40 for the baby.
# These steps keep air flowing into the lungs of the victim.
# If no pulse and no breathing, continue to give rescue breathing until reset or medical care is achieved. and NOT start chest compressions because it is unnecessary and dangerous compression, if the victim’s heart is beating.
# If breathing is restored and has a pulse, keep the airway clear and constantly observe the breath.
# If the victim has no pulse or breathing commence resuscitation.
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
A combination of breathing with external cardiac massage.
When the heart does not function normally the blood does not circulate, it decreases the supply of oxygen to all body cells, that typically occurs during a heart attack or cardio respiratory arrest.
A simple way to determine if heart function is to evaluate the pulse.
If the person has no pulse to restart the circulation through the understanding of breast practicing cardio pulmonary resuscitation which has two purposes.
# Keep your lungs full of oxygen if breathing has stopped.
# Keep your blood circulating carrying oxygen to the brain, heart and other body parts.
PROCEDURE
# Watch for breathing for five seconds.
# Check carotid pulse for an adult or older years.
# For babies locate the brachial pulse. Observe the victim from top to bottom for possible bleeding.
# If the victim is not breathing and no pulse, perform the following procedures given that before starting the massage should be sure of the absence of a pulse as it is dangerous to do compressions if the victim still has movement.
# To avoid this, assess the pulse for 10 seconds before determining that have heart failure.
# Locate the costal margin, then find the lower tip of sternum, measure two fingers above it.
# In adults, place the heel of your hand with fingers raised in the point located above, interlock the fingers.
For a child to use only one hand.
For a baby use only the index and middle fingers in the center of the chest in the middle of the nipples.
# Compress the chest down and gently, repeat the procedure as explained below. Do not remove your hands from the victim’s chest.
# This procedure expels blood from the heart.
Cardio pulmonary resuscitation with a helper:
# 15 chest compressions are performed by 2 ventilations and continues at this pace to repeat the cycle. (The speed of the massage is 80 to 100 compressions per minute).
# In babies and older children a year are performed 5 compressions and one breath and continued so until the victim regains movement and breathing or until medical assistance is obtained.
# In case the pulse is restored spontaneously stop cardiac massage maneuvers and continue with the breathing and repeat the procedure until you give the victim in a health care center.
# If during transport the victim regains a pulse and breathing place it in a lateral position and stay tuned security of vital signs.
Cardio pulmonary resuscitation with two helpers:
# The charge of giving blows is located next to the victim’s head and the other helper on the opposite side near the thorax, this in order to change position in case of fatigue. The charge of blows to start with two breaths, check breathing and pulse, if not present the other helper starts with 5 chest compressions, while doing the procedure on the other counts aloud helper “and one and two , and three and four and five. ” in order to keep pace. upon completion of five compressions another helper takes a breath and continued the maneuver in cycles of five compressions and one breath.
# The helper who gives blows, periodically check the effectiveness of chest compressions and check your pulse while the other helper is giving compressions. If the person has a pulse, check breathing, if the person is not breathing continues rescue breathing by controlling the pulse every minute.
# If the two collaborators wish fatigue reposition note the following procedure:
# Compression murmurs:
The helper giving compressions says:
# “And change, and two, three and four and five” to complete the cycle of compressions both helper change position quickly. Of blows to compressions:
The helper who gives blows at the end says change.
It moves fast and puts the hands in hopes to give compressions.
Important Aspects
Often in patients unconscious, his tongue obstructing the upper airways, or that easily leads to cardio respiratory arrest. In most cases the mere fact clear the airways allows the resumption of ventilation and prevents heart failure.
No cardiac massage or artificial respiration if the person is not entirely without these vital signs.